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好久不见，最近再学习openstack，前两天刚把环境搭建起来，安装过程有太多的坑了。整理了下文档，分享给社区的同学。 U版本已经有官方安装文档了，我前两天安装的时候还只有T版本，所以以下安装的适合Train版本。不过好像M版本之后主要组件的安装配置变化不打了。
一、物理环境准备：
控制节点：1台，管理和业务复用ip1**.1**.23.120 centos7 4h4g hostname：controller
计算节点：1台 管理和业务复用ip 1**.1**.23.121 centos7 4h4g hostname：comupte1 块存储节点：1台 管理和业务复用ip 1**.1**.23.122 centos7 4h4g hostname:block1二：基础环境安装 安装net-tools,关闭selinux,关闭防火墙yum -y install net-tools
systemctl disable firewalld &&systemctl stop firewalld
vim /etc/selinux/config 编辑网卡，注意BOOTPRO =NONE
BOOTPROTO=”none” 编辑honsts绑定hosts
步骤省略 配置ntp服务（所有节点，其他节点通过控制节点授时）
/etc/chrony.conf
同属允许其他节点同步时间
allow 1**.1**.23.0/24 systemctl enable chronyd.service &&systemctl start chronyd.service 安装t版软件包
（这里描述的OpenStack软件包的设置需要在所有节点上完成：控制器，计算和块存储节点。）
yum install centos-release-openstack-train -y
yum upgrade -y
yum install python-openstackclient -y
yum install openstack-selinux -y 安装数据库（控制节点）
yum install mariadb mariadb-server python2-PyMySQL vim /etc/my.cnf.d/openstack.cnf
[mysqld]
bind-address = 1**.1**.23.120 default-storage-engine = innodb
innodb_file_per_table = on
max_connections = 4096
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
character-set-server = utf8 systemctl enable mariadb.service && systemctl start mariadb.service mysql_secure_installation 安装消息队列，rabbit_mq (控制节点)
yum install rabbitmq-server systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service && systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service rabbitmqctl add_user openstack RABBIT_PASS
rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack “.“ “.“ “.*” 安装身份验证用到的缓存memcached （控制节点）
yum install memcached python-memcached 修改添加管理地址
/etc/sysconfig/memcached
OPTIONS=”-l 1**.0.0.1,::1,controller” systemctl enable memcached.service && systemctl start memcached.service 安装etcd（控制节点）
yum install etcd
修改配置文件
vim/etc/etcd/etcd.conf
/etc/etcd/etcd.conf [Member][Clustering]systemctl enable etcd && systemctl start etcd三：安装keystone
控制节点安装keyston 建立keystone数据库
mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE keystone; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO ‘keystone’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘KEYSTONE_DBPASS’; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO ‘keystone’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘KEYSTONE_DBPASS’; 安装和配置keystone 和httpd
yum install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi 修改配置文件
vim /etc/keystone/keystone.conf [database] …connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:KEYSTONE_DBPASS@controller/keystone
[token] …provider = fernet su -s /bin/sh -c “keystone-manage db_sync” keystone keystone-manage fernet_setup —keystone-user keystone —keystone-group keystone keystone-manage credential_setup —keystone-user keystone —keystone-group keystone
配置httpd
etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf ServerName controller ln -s /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/ 启动httpd
systemctl enable httpd.service && systemctl start httpd.service export OS_USERNAME=** && export OS_PASSWORD=**_PASS && export OS_PROJECT_NAME=** && export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default && export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default && export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3 && export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 openstack domain create —description “An Example Domain” example openstack project create —domain default —description “Service Project” service openstack project create —domain default —description “Demo Project” myproject openstack user create —domain default —password-prompt myuser openstack role create myrole openstack role add —project myproject —user myuser myrole openstack —os-auth-url http://controller:5000/v3 —os-project-domain-name Default —os-user-domain-name Default —os-project-name ** —os-username ** token issue 创建openstack 客户端脚本 创建和编辑**-openrc文件并添加以下内容：
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=**
export OS_USERNAME=**
export OS_PASSWORD=**_PASS
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2四：安装glance
创建数据库
mysql -u root -p CREATE DATABASE glance; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO ‘glance’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘GLANCE_DBPASS’; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO ‘glance’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘GLANCE_DBPASS’; 创建glance用户
openstack user create —domain default —password-prompt glance 将**角色添加到glance用户和 service项目：
openstack role add —project service —user glance ** 创建glance服务实体：
openstack service create —name glance —description “OpenStack Image” image 安装和配置glance
yum install openstack-glance 编辑配置文件：
vim /etc/glance/glance-api.conf [database] …connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:GLANCE_DBPASS@controller/glance [keystone_authtoken] …www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = GLANCE_PASS [paste_deploy] …flavor = keystone [glance_store] …stores = file,http
default_store = file
filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images/ su -s /bin/sh -c “glance-manage db_sync” glance systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service && systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service五：安装placement
创建数据库 mysql -u root -p CREATE DATABASE placement; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO ‘placement’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘PLACEMENT_DBPASS’; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO ‘placement’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘PLACEMENT_DBPASS’; 配置用户
openstack user create —domain default —password-prompt placement openstack role add —project service —user placement ** openstack service create —name placement —description “Placement API” placement 安装placement
yum install openstack-placement-api 编辑配置文件
vim /etc/placement/placement.conf [placement_database] …connection = mysql+pymysql://placement LACEMENT_DBPASS@controller/placement [api] …auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] …auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = placement
password = PLACEMENT_PASS su -s /bin/sh -c “placement-manage db sync” placement systemctl restart httpd
六：安装nova
配置控制节点 mysql -u root -p CREATE DATABASE nova_api;
CREATE DATABASE nova;
CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO ‘nova’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘NOVA_DBPASS’; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO ‘nova’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘NOVA_DBPASS’; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO ‘nova’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘NOVA_DBPASS’; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO ‘nova’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘NOVA_DBPASS’; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO ‘nova’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘NOVA_DBPASS’; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO ‘nova’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘NOVA_DBPASS’; openstack user create —domain default —password-prompt nova openstack role add —project service —user nova ** openstack service create —name nova —description “OpenStack Compute” compute 安装nova
yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler 编辑配置文件
vim /etc/nova/nova.conf [DEFAULT] …enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata [api_database] …connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@controller/nova_api [database] …connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@controller/nova [DEFAULT] …transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller [api] …auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] …auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = NOVA_PASS [DEFAULT] …my_ip = 1**.1**.23.120 [DEFAULT] …use_neutron = true
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver [vnc]
enabled = true …server_listen = $my_ip
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip [glance] …[oslo_concurrency] …lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp [placement] …region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
username = placement
password = PLACEMENT_PASS su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage api_db sync” nova su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0” nova su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell —name=cell1 —verbose” nova su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage db sync” nova su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells” nova systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service && systemctl start openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service 接下来安装配置计算节点
yum install openstack-nova-compute cp /etc/nova/nova.conf /etc/nova/nova.conf.bk && grep -Ev ‘^$|#’ /etc/nova/nova.conf.bk >/etc/nova/nova.conf [DEFAULT] …enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata [DEFAULT] …transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller [api] …auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] …
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000/
auth_url = http://controller:5000/
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = NOVA_PASS
[DEFAULT] …my_ip = 1**.1**.23.121[DEFAULT] …use_neutron = true
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver [vnc] …[glance] …[oslo_concurrency] …lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp [placement] …region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
username = placement
password = PLACEMENT_PASS [libvirt] …virt_type = qemu systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service && systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service 接下来切换到控制节点操作，发现计算节点 openstack compute service list —service nova-compute su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts —verbose” nova
七：安装neutron
在控制节点安装neutron ##这次实验安装的provider模式的网络
mysql -u root -p CREATE DATABASE neutron; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO ‘neutron’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘NEUTRON_DBPASS’; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO ‘neutron’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘NEUTRON_DBPASS’; openstack user create —domain default —password-prompt neutron 输入密码NEUTRON_PASS openstack role add —project service —user neutron ** openstack service create —name neutron —description “OpenStack Networking” network 安装组件
yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables
配置文件
cp /etc/neutron/neutron.conf /etc/neutron/neutron.conf.bk && grep -Ev ‘^$|#’ /etc/neutron/neutron.conf.bk >/etc/neutron/neutron.conf [database] …connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:NEUTRON_DBPASS@controller/neutron [DEFAULT] …core_plugin = ml2
service_plugins = [DEFAULT] …transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller [DEFAULT] …auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] …www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = NEUTRON_PASS [DEFAULT] …notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true
notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true [nova] ###这行自己添加 …auth_url = http://controller:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = nova
password = NOVA_PASS [oslo_concurrency] …lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini [ml2] …type_drivers = flat,vlan [ml2] …tenant_network_types = [ml2] …mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge [ml2] …extension_drivers = port_security [ml2_type_flat] …flat_networks = provider [securitygroup] …enable_ipset = true cp /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini.bk && grep -Ev ‘^$|#’ /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini.bk >/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = providerROVIDER_INTERFACE_NAME 注意：PROVIDER_INTERFACE_NAME =替换为网卡名字
[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = false [securitygroup] …enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver 配置系统文件
vim /etc/sysctl.conf net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 执行：
modprobe br_netfilter
sysctl -p cp /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini.bak &&grep -Ev ‘^$|#’ /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini.bak> /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini vim /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini [DEFAULT] …interface_driver = linuxbridge
dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
enable_isolated_metadata = true vim /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini [DEFAULT] …nova_metadata_host = controller
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = METADATA_SECRET vim /etc/nova/nova.conf [neutron] …url = http://controller:9696
auth_url = http://controller:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = NEUTRON_PASS
service_metadata_proxy = true
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = METADATA_SECRET ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini su -s /bin/sh -c “neutron-db-manage —config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf —config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head” neutron systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service systemctl enable neutron-server.service neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service neutron-metadata-agent.service &&systemctl start neutron-server.service neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service neutron-metadata-agent.service 接下来安装计算节点的neutron组件 yum install openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables ipset vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf [DEFAULT] …transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller [DEFAULT] …auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] …www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = NEUTRON_PASS [oslo_concurrency] …lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp cp /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini.bak && grep -Ev ‘^$|#’ /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini.bak>/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = provider:eth1 eth1替换为实际网卡名称
[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = false [securitygroup]
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver vim /etc/sysctl.conf
加入下面参数
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 执行
modprobe br_netfilter
sysctl -p vim /etc/nova/nova.conf [neutron] …url = http://controller:9696
auth_url = http://controller:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = NEUTRON_PASS systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service systemctl enable neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service && systemctl start neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
八：安装dashboard
控制节点安装dashboard
yum install openstack-dashboard vim /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings OPENSTACK_HOST = “controller” ALLOWED_HOSTS = [‘one.example.com’, ‘two.example.com’,’*’] SESSION_ENGINE = ‘django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache’ CACHES = {
‘default’: {
‘BACKEND’: ‘django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache’,
‘LOCATION’: ‘controller:11211’,
}
} OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = ““ % OPENSTACK_HOST
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True
OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {
“identity”: 3,
“image”: 2,
“volume”: 3,
} OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = “Default”
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = “user” OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK = {
…
‘enable_router’: False,
‘enable_quotas’: False,
‘enable_distributed_router’: False,
‘enable_ha_router’: False,
‘enable_lb’: False,
‘enable_firewall’: False,
‘enable_vpn’: False,
‘enable_fip_topology_check’: False,
} TIME_ZONE = “Asia/Shanghai” 重建apache的web配置文件 cd /usr/share/openstack-dashboard
python manage.py make_web_conf —apache > /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf
ln -s /etc/openstack-dashboard /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/conf systemctl restart httpd.service memcached.service九：安装cinder
首先配置控制节点
创建相关用户
mysql -u root -p CREATE DATABASE cinder; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO ‘cinder’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘CINDER_DBPASS’; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO ‘cinder’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘CINDER_DBPASS’; openstack user create —domain default —password-prompt cinder 输入CINDER_PASS openstack role add —project service —user cinder ** openstack service create —name cinderv2 —description “OpenStack Block Storage” volumev2 openstack service create —name cinderv3 —description “OpenStack Block Storage” volumev3 openstack endpoint create —region RegionOne volumev2 public openstack endpoint create —region RegionOne volumev2 internal openstack endpoint create —region RegionOne volumev2 ** openstack endpoint create —region RegionOne volumev3 public openstack endpoint create —region RegionOne volumev3 internal openstack endpoint create —region RegionOne volumev3 ** 安装配置cinder
yum install openstack-cinder vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf [database] …connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:CINDER_DBPASS@controller/cinder [DEFAULT] …transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller [DEFAULT] …auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] …www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = cinder
password = CINDER_PASS [DEFAULT] …my_ip = 1**.1**.1.120 ##管理ip [oslo_concurrency] …lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp su -s /bin/sh -c “cinder-manage db sync” cinder vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
[oslo_concurrency]
os_region_name = RegionOne systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service systemctl enable openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service && systemctl start openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service 接下来配置存储节点 yum install lvm2 device-mapper-persistent-data systemctl enable lvm2-lvmetad.service && systemctl start lvm2-lvmetad.service 创建lvm存储卷 pvcreate /dev/sdb vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sdb vim/etc/lvm/lvm.conf devices {
…
filter = [ “a/sdb/“, “r/.*/“] yum install openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone vim/etc/cinder/cinder.conf vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf [database] …connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:CINDER_DBPASS@controller/cinder [DEFAULT] …transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller [DEFAULT] …auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] …www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = cinder
password = CINDER_PASS [DEFAULT] …my_ip = 1**.1**.23.122 ##管理网卡IP [lvm]
volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver
volume_group = cinder-volumes
target_protocol = iscsi
target_helper = lioadm [DEFAULT] …enabled_backends = lvm [DEFAULT] …[oslo_concurrency] …lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service && systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service主要模块安装完毕，修改本机hosts，可以进入dashboard进行管理配置
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发表于 2024-9-8 09:44
工程师2级